Pump.



R. CONRADER.

PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 7, 1906.

Patented Oct. 12, 1909.

' To all 'whom it may concern.'

nUDoLH ooNnADER, or ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Puur.

Application filed June 7, 1906. Serial 110.329,532.

Be it known that I, RUDOLPH CoNRADn-R, a

Vcitizen of the United States, residing at Erie, in the county of Erie and State f Pennsylvania, have invented new anduseful Improvements in Pumps, ofi/.which the following is aspecication. f Y

This invention relates to pumps and consists in certain .improvements inthe construction thereof as will-be hereinafter fully described and pointed out in the claims.

The invention more particularly relates to that class of pumps which are used in Artesian wells, and is peculiarly adapted for such wells, and as shown, is especially designed for oil wells. f

Some features of the invention are in the nature of improvementsv on the construction shown and described in an application filed by me April 24, 1905, No; 257,184. In that application I utilize a columnof liquid on the plunger to balance the pressure of liquid under the lunger. In that application however the liquid for supplying thlsweight was introducedat the top of the tubing, sol

that, with the initial pumping action there was no weightA unless supplied from some other source than the pumped iuid from the well. In this construction the liquid is furnished as liquid rises in the lift'.

Other features of the construction are ap. plicable not only tothe general construction shown in my former application, but also to other constructions as well.

The invention is illustrated in the accom-- panying drawings as follows.

Figure 1 is a section on the line 1 1 in Fig. 2, this showing the portions usually at the surface of the ground., Fig. 2, a plan view of the same parts. Fig. 3, an enlarged view of the working barrel and plunger,\the line of section being on the lines 4-4 in Figs. 6 to 10. Fig. 4 is a similar view on a smaller scale, taking in parts above and below those shown in Fig. 3, and being a section on the line 4 4 in Figs. 5 to 10. Fig. 5, a section on the line 5 5in Fig. 4. Fig. 6, a. section on the line 6 6 in Figs. 3 and 4. Fig. 7, a section on the line 7 7 in Figs. 3 and 4. Fig. 8, a section on the line 8 8)in Figs. 3 and 4. Fig. 9 shows a section on the lines 9 9 in'Figs. 3 and 4. Fig. 10, a section on the lines 10 10 in Figs. 3 and 4.

A marks the working barrel. This has extending from it the usual strainer intake B, the strainer being connected with thestanding valve C is of the usual construction, comprising the cage 0 and a valve ball c. The plunger Dis hollow and in the operation of the pump, the liquid is forced on the downward strok of the plunger through the plunger an lifted through a hollow sucker rrod. The plunger has thev extension A(l and this extension operates in the manner described in my former application; that is it lnaintains a column of. liquid in the space between it and the walls of the working barrel, and this coulmn of liquid -reciprocates with the extension and thus prevents the I liquid being pumped from coming in contact with the working surfaces of the working barrel. The extension is screwed into a valve cage d2. This valve cage is provided with a shoulder d3. Aseat ring d4 is secured between this shoulder and the end of the extension. The seating ring has the seating surfaces d5, one surface on each side of the ring so that the ring` may be reversed to renew the seating surface. The ring may be removed for this purpose by unscr'ewing the extension. A valve D operates upon this seat. This is arranged in the cage d2 and is provided with a seating surface d6' at each end so that the valve may be reversed to renew the seating surface.y A spider als 'is arranged at the upper part of the cage and this has the projection 039 arranged near the center, the purpose of which is to limit the upward movement of the valve D and to revent the seating surfaces of the valve from becoming injured through contact with the spider d8.

The plunger D has arranged upon it the eXible cup d1". This cup is arranged against a shoulder d in th'e upzper portion of the plunger, and a follower 12 is forced against the lower portion of the cup, 'clamp- This is provided with the shoulder all at the follower. A second cup dlg is arranged at thelower\end of saidfollower and is clamped in position by the nut d, this nut d, acting through the follower, clamping both cups. Packing rings d are arranged below the nut d and are secured in position by the end of the cage d2, the cage being secured on the end of the plunger proper. Arranged within these packing rings d is'a spring alla. Thespring is tensioned to normally hold the packing rings out against the walls of the working barrel. An opening d" extends through the cagel to the space Patented oet. 12, 1909.V

working barrel by Ithe coupling b. The i within the packing rings. The pur ose'iof this opening is to allow the entrance o liquid to this space when liquid below the plunger is put under pressure in the lifting action Iof the pump, and this liquid, acting on the .The valve D3 operates upon a seat. d20 and is provided with the two seats d so that the seat on the valve may be renewed by reversing the valve.

The valve in its upward movement contacts the lug d on a spider d. The construction of the v/alve D3 and valve seat is similar to the valve D and its valve seat, the parts operating in substantially the same manner.

A separating tube D4 extends upwardly from the valve cage D2. A sucker ,rod E is secured to this separate tube by a coupling 24. An extension e is secured to the coupling d. andlextends downwardly into the separating tube D4 to near the bottom thereof, the tube being open through radial passages e at its bottom. The separating tube Di has vertically arranged slits 0225 near its upper end. These slits are preferably V shaped in cross section as shown in Fig, 5 forming a strainer which is effective, ut

y will not readily clog.

In the operation of the pump, the sucker rod and plunger are reciprocated. On the upward stroke of the plunger, the valve D seats, and liquid enters through the standing valve. On the downward stroke of the' plunger, liquid is forced upward through the plunger, past` the vvalves D and D3 and enters the separatin tube D4. As the pumping continues, the l(liquid rises both 1n the sucker rod and in the separating tube. The liquid upon reaching the slits 0125 passes out into the tubing F, and as the pumping continues, the level of the liquid in the tubing rises with the level of the li uid in the sucker rod. Inasmuch as the li ting action is accom lished during the downward stroke of the p unger, the column of 4liquid in the tubing acts asv a weight on the plunger, and its he1ght being approximately that of the lift balances the weight of the liquidlin the lift, the excess of weight incident to the metal in the parts giving the preponderance of weight to the plunger so as to effect its movement. This is an important feature in deepowells in that it. is difficult to communicate movement to the plunger through pressuredelivered to the sucker rod at the top ofthe well. The liquid column in the tubing also replenishes the liquid in the space between the extension d and the walls of the working barrel, so that this space is filled at all times with a clear liquid. The leakage, however, past the plunger shown in the construction herein disclosed, is very small. As soon as the level of the liquid in the tubing reaches the top of the tubing,

practically all the liquid then actuated by the plunger is forced through the sucker rod. If, therefore, in the initial pumping action, water has been forced through the inlets 25, it will be gradually replaced by oil, the water settling back bythe action of gravity, and being carried up through the sucker rod. Thisconstruction, so far as replenishing the column of liquid in the tubing is concerned, is in some respects more desirable than that shown in my earlier application, by reason of the fact that the column is immediately supplied as the pump is started so that the column in the lift is balanced as it rises initiallyr in the sucker rod. With the former construction, it was desirable, if not necessary, to fill the tubing withv liquid before starting the pumping, while in the present device, this is automatically accomplished. The tubing F extends through the casing cap g in the casing head G.` The casing head is secured as ordinarily to the casing Gr. The tubing extends through the casing cap into a coupling F. A stuffing box F2 is arranged in the top of this coupling. The polished rod E forms a part of the sucker rod system and is secured to the sucker rod proper, and a tting E2 above the stuffing ox F2. A rod E3 extends upwardly from the fitting and is reciprocated by any couvenient source of power for operatingthe pump. The fitting has a lateral extension e2, and the elbow e3 having the shoulder e4 is secured to the lateral extension c2 by means of the flange nut e5. The liquid is conveyed away from the pump by the pipe E, the joint formed on the lateral extension being such as to permit the elbow e3 to swing or oscillate on said extension to the reciprocating movement of tie sucker rod.

The polished rod E is of a size to compensate for the displacement of thel liquid inthe column in the tubing by the plunger as it is reciprocated. As the plunger is lifted the columnin the tubin outsideof the sucker rod is of course li ted with it.

The polished rod, however, is of such size that as the column is lifted, the shoulder at the bottom of the polished rod recedes so ermit of' as to compensate exactly for the column bein lifted, and on the dou nward stroke, the lnward movement of this polished rod takes up the space as the column recedes from the top of the tubing. By this construction, the tubing may be completely lled and the column in the tubing reciprocated without any excessive movement backward and forward v through the strainer formed by the slits c1325.

Where cups such as the cup (llo lis used, either in a plunger or Vas a packing, it is usually .ruined when the parts are lifted with the column or weight of the liquid upon it. This would happen in the construction shown if the plunger were lifted so as to move the cup out of t-he top of the working barrel. The cup, on'reaching the top of the working barrel, would open up under the pressure of liquid so that its edges would engage the bottom of the tubing and the result would bethat the cup would be entirely turned over and in practice, the parts of the cup are usually 'torn olf. This is objectionablenot only by reason of the loss of the cup itself, but by reason of the fact that the parts torn otf are deposited in the well and are apt, in the after operation of the well, to get into t-he valves and otherwise clog the pump. I avoid this objection by arranging the passages a in the walls of the working barrel. These passages extend longitudinally of the working barrel and -are in communication with the interior of the working barrel at the top and bottom. They are of such length relatively to the length of the cups, that when the bottom of the cup is above the bottom of the passage a, the upper end of the pasage is'still exposed so that liquid may pass through the passage along the cup and thus balance the pressure above and below the cup so as to prevent the outturning of the cup as it moves past the end of the working barrel.

As shown the passage a is formed by drill# ing from the end of the working barrel, the passage terminating in the interior of the working barrel a suiiicient distance from the top to form a by pass around the cup. The form of the passage is not material, providing it forms the by pass for permitting the movement of the liquid from above to below the cup as the plunger is lifted.

I prefer to provide the cages Z2 and l)2 with the guiding shoulders 26. These are usually provided, the space between the shoulders forming the passage for the liquid. I prefer, however, to provide the shoulder (FT which so contracts the passage immediately adjacent to the valve seat, that the movement of the liquidat this point is more rapi'd so as Vto clear-the .valve seat of any sand that might otherwise lodge thereon. It will be noted that the separator'formed by the tube D* and extenslon e, not only tends to separate the oil from the water, but also permits any sand or dirt that may enter the tube to settle and be carried up through the sucker rod, rather than be expelled through the tubing F.

I prefer to close theldirect entrance at the entrance'ofany matter that may have set-l t-led back into the. separating tube to the 'sucker rod. l

What I claim as new is:

l. In a pump the combination of a working barrel; a plunger. forcing liquid on the downward stroke thereof; a liquid weightI on the plunger; and means for maintaining the pressure exerted by said weight at approximately that of the liquid in the lift.

l 2. In a pumpthe combination of a working barrel; a hollow plunger operating in said barrel; a hollow sucker rod conveying the .liquid pumped; a liquid weight on the plunger arranged to exert its pressure upon the plunger during the downward stroke; and means'for maintaining the pressure eX- erted by said weight at approximately that of the liquid lin the sucker rod with all levels of'liquid in the rod. i

8. In a pump the combination of a working barrel; a plunger arranged to force liquid on its downward stroke; means for devices for supplying the liquid to said means, arranged to vary the level of the -liquid in the means as the level of the lift varies. f

4. In a pump the combination of a working barrel; alhollow plunger operating in said barrel; a hollow sucker rod conveying the liquid pumped; means for holding the liquid above the plunger to weight the plunger on the downward stroke; and devices for supplying the liquid to said means arranged to vary the level of the liquid in said means as t-he level inthe lift varies.

5. In a pump the combination of a working barrel, a hollow plunger through which the actuated liquid is carried; a hollow sucker rod for conveying the actuated liquid; means for holding a liquid weight above the plunger; and devices adj acentto the plunger for conveying liquid from the lift to said means. j

6. In a pump the combination of a working barrel; a hollow plunger through which the actuated liquid is carried; a hollow sucker rod for conveying the actuated liquid means for holding a liquid weight above the plunger; devices adjacent to the plunger for` conveying liquid from the lift to said means; l

S. In a pump the combination of a working barrel; a hollow plunger through which "the actuated fluid is carried a hollow 9. In a pump the combination of a worki ing barrel; a hollow plunger through which the actuated fluid 1s carried; a hollow sucker rod for conveying the actuated fluid; means above theI plunger for holding the liquid weight upon the plunger; and a tube communicating with.v the plunger and into which the sucker rod extends, the` sucker rod having an opening for conveying liquid therefrom, said tube having passage. to said means arranged above the openings to the sucker rod.

10. In a pump the combination of a working barrel; a hollow plunger through which the actuated fluid is carried; a hollow sucker rod for conveying the actuated fluid; means kabove the plunger for holding the liquid weight upon the plunger; and a tube communicating with the plunger and into which the sucker rod extends, the sucker rod having an opening for conveying therefrom, said tube having a passage to said means arranged above the openings Ato the sucker rod, said passage being provided with strainers.l .p i 11 In a pump the combination of a working barrel; a hollow plunger through which l the actuated fluid is carried; a hollow sucker rod for conveying the actuated fluid; means above the plunger for holding the liquid weight upon the. plunger; and a tube communicating with the plunger and into which the sucker rod extends, the sucker rod having an opening for conveying liquid therefrom, said tube having a passage to said means arranged above the openings to the sucker rod, said passage being provided with st-rainers formed by vertical slits in the tube. 12. In a pump the combination of a working barrel; a hollow plunger through which the actuated fluid is carried; a hollow sucker rod for conveying the actuated fluid; means above the plunger Jfor holding the liquid weight upon the plunger; and a tube communicatmg with t-he plunger and into which the sucker rod extends, the sucker rod having an opening for conveying liquid Vtherefrom, said tube having a passage to said means arranged above the openings to the sucker rod, said passage being provided with strainers formed by vertical slits in the tube,

V shaped in cross section. i 13. In a pump the combination of a working barrel; a hollow plunger through which the actuated fiuid is carried; a hollow sucker rod for conveying the actuated luid; means above thel plunger for holding the liquid weight upon the plunger; a tube surrounding the sucker rod and carried thereby and arranged adjacent to the plunger, said tube having a passage for conveying liquid from the lift to said means, said passage being arranged in the form of vertical slits in the walls of the tube forming a strainer.

14. In a pump the combination of a working barrel; a hollow plunger therein; the

`tube D4 extending above the plunger and having the vertical slits d2 near its upper end; a coupling d secured to the tube; a sucker rod E secured to the coupling; and the extension e secured to the sucker rod and extending into the tube for the purpose described. i

15. In a pump the combination of a work- 'ing barrel; a plunger operating in said barrel; means for maintaining a liquid weight above the plunger; and devices adjacent to the plunger for conveying liquid from the lift to said means, said devices comprising a separator for separating dilierent materials pumped and arranged to maint-ain one of said materials on the plunger.

16. In a pump the combination of a working barrel; a hollow plunger operating in said barrel; a hollow sucker rod conveying the liquid pumped; a liquid weight on the plunger arranged to exert its pressure on theiownward stroke of the plunger; devices for maintaining the pressure exerted by said weight approximating that of said liquid in thel sucker rod; yand an extension on the plunger of less diameter than the plunger.

17. In a pump the combination of a working barrel; a hollow pl nger operatingA in said barrel; a hollow suc er rod conveying the liquid pumped; means for holding the liquid above the plunger to weight the plunger on the downward stroke; devices for supplying the liquid to said means arranged to vary the level of the liquid in said means as the `level in the lift varies; and anextension on the plunger of less diameter than the plunger. 18. In a pump the combination of a working barrel; a hollow plunger arranged in the barrel; a hollow sucker rod for conveying the liquid from the plunger; means for maintaining a liquid wei ht above the plunger devices adjacent to t e plunger for conveying liquid from thelift to said means;

and an extension on the plunger of less diing barrel; a plunger therein; a sucker rod of smaller diameter than the plunger for operating 'the same; a closed tubing for maintaining a liquid weight on the plunger; and anenlarged polished-rod'passing into and out of the tubing to compensate for the displacement of the plunger.

21. In a pump the combination of a Working barrel; a plunger therein; a. hollow sucker rod for operating the plunger and conveying the liquid pumped;.a closed tubing for maintaining the liquid weight on the plunger; and an enlarged polished rod con` nected with the sucker rod passing into and out of the tubing to compensate for the dis` placement of the plunger.

22. In a pump the combination of a Working barrel; a plun er therein; means for maintaining a liqui Weight on the plunger comprising a closed tubing; means for supplying the Weight arranged to till the tubing; and appliances reciprocating with the plunger arranged in the tubing for compensating for the displacement of the plunger.

23. In a pump the combination of a working barrel; a plunger therein; means for maintaining a liquid weight on the plunger comprising a closed tubing; appliances re ciprocating with the plunger arranged in the tubing for compensating for the displacement of the plun er;f and means for supplying the liquid weight from the lift.

24a. In a pump the combination of a working barrel; a plunger therein; means for maintain a liquid weight on the plunger comprising a closed tubing; appliances reciprocating with the plunger arranged in the tubing for compensating `for the displacement of the lunger; and means for supplying the liquid weight from the lift and subjecting tlv vsaine to the pressure oit ing barrel; a hollow plunger therein; a holtlie lift. Y

25. In a pump the combination of a working barrel; a plunger therein; means for maintaining a liquid weiglit'on the plunger comprising a closed tubing, said tubing approximating the height of the liquid; and appliances reciprocating with the plunger arranged in the tubing for compensating for the displacement of the plunger.

26. In a pump the combination of a working barrel; a plunger therein; a sucker rod of smaller diameter than the plunger for o eratin the same; a closed tubing for P g D maintaining a liquid Weight on thev plunger, said tubing approximating the height of the lift; and an enlarged `polished rod passing into and out of the tubing at the top to compensate for the displacement of the plunger.

a liquid weight on the plunger, said tubin approximating the height of the lift; an

` an enlarged polished rod connected with the sucker rod and passing into and out of the tubing at the top for compensating for the displacement of the plunger.

28. In a pump the combination of a working barrel; a plunger therein; means for maintaining a liquid weight on the plunger comprising a closed tubing said tubing approximating the height of the liquid; appliances reciprocating with the plunger arranged in the tubing for compensating for thdisplacement of the plunger; and means for lling said tubing in supplying the liquid weight.

29. In a pumpthe combination of a working barrel; a plunger therein; means for maintaining a liquid Weight on the plunger comprising a closed tubing; appliances reciprocating with the plunger arranged .in the'tubing for compensating for the displacement of the plunger; and means for supplying the liquid Weight from the lift at a point adjacent to the plunger.

30. In a pump the combination of 'a working barrel; a plunger therein; means for maintaining a liquidweiglit upon the plunger comprising a closed tubing; a hollow sucker rod for-operating the plunger; appliances reciprocating with said plunger and sucker rod, arranged on the tubing for compensating for the displacement of the plunger; and devices for conveying liquid from the lift at a pointl near the plunger to said means.

31. ln a pump the combination of a WorkloW sucker rod E of vless diameter than the plun er for operating the same;l a tube sur- \rouning the sucker rod and having the passages therefrom above the bottom of the sucker rod; a tube F closed at t-lie top, secured to the working barrel; and the polished rod E secured to the sucker rod and being of a size to compensate for the displacement of the plunger.

my hand in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

RUDOLPH Conni/inria.

Witnesses:

B. F. im:-

W. E. Canin.

. In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 

